Code Reference
ArchitecturalIBC 2021

Section 602.2/Types of Construction

IBC 602.2 through 602.5 define the five types of construction (Types I through V) based on materials and fire-resistance ratings of structural elements.

What this section requires

Buildings are classified into five construction types. Type I and Type II use noncombustible materials; Types IA and IIA require fire-resistance ratings on structural elements while Types IB and IIB allow reduced or zero ratings. Type III has noncombustible exterior walls but permits combustible interior elements. Type IV is heavy timber construction. Type V permits combustible construction throughout. The fire-resistance ratings for each type are specified in Table 601.

Why this section exists

The construction type classification determines the fundamental fire performance of the building structure. It cascades into almost every other design decision: allowable height and area (Chapter 5), fire- resistance requirements (Table 601), interior finish requirements, and whether certain trade-offs are available. Getting the construction type wrong invalidates the entire code analysis.

What plan reviewers look for

Plan reviewers verify that the stated construction type is consistent with the structural materials shown on the drawings. They check that the fire-resistance ratings in the wall sections, floor assemblies, and structural details match the requirements of Table 601 for the stated type. They also verify that the construction type supports the claimed height and area in the code analysis.

Common violations

Construction type inconsistent with materials
The code analysis states Type IIA (noncombustible, 1-hour rated) but the structural drawings show wood framing, which is combustible and cannot be Type I or II construction.
Fire-resistance ratings do not match type
The building is classified as Type IIIA (1-hour interior elements) but the floor assembly details show unrated construction, which would be Type IIIB.
Construction type not stated on drawings
The code analysis or cover sheet does not identify the construction type. Without this, the reviewer cannot verify compliance with height, area, and fire-resistance requirements.
Compliance tip
State the construction type on the cover sheet and in the code analysis. Verify that every structural element (frame, bearing walls, floors, roof) meets the fire-resistance rating required by Table 601 for that type. Cross-reference the construction type against Chapter 5 height and area limits.

Related IBC requirements

Table 601 specifies the required fire-resistance ratings for each construction type. Chapter 5 (Sections 503 through 510) establishes allowable height and area based on occupancy and construction type. Table 602 covers exterior wall fire-resistance based on fire separation distance.

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Related sections

Table 601Fire-Resistance Rating RequirementsIBC 2021903.2Where Sprinkler Systems Are RequiredIBC 2021Table 602Exterior Wall Fire-Resistance RatingsIBC 2021

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