Code Reference
ElectricalNEC 2023

Section 110.26/Working Space About Electrical Equipment

NEC 110.26 establishes minimum working space clearances in front of electrical equipment. These clearances are among the most frequently checked dimensions on electrical floor plans.

What this section requires

Working space with adequate access and illumination must be provided about all electrical equipment. The minimum clear distance in front of equipment depends on the nominal voltage and the condition of the opposite wall: 3 feet for Condition 1 (exposed live parts on one side and no live or grounded parts on the other), 3.5 feet for Condition 2 (exposed live parts on one side and grounded parts on the other), and 4 feet for Condition 3 (exposed live parts on both sides). The working space must be at least 30 inches wide or the width of the equipment, whichever is greater, and at least 6.5 feet high.

Why this section exists

Electricians need adequate space to safely operate, maintain, and service electrical equipment. Insufficient clearance increases the risk of accidental contact with energized parts and limits the ability to escape in an arc flash event. The clearance requirements are based on the voltage level and the proximity of grounded or energized surfaces on the opposite side of the working space.

What plan reviewers look for

Plan reviewers measure the clear space shown in front of electrical panels, switchboards, and other equipment on the floor plans. They verify that the minimum depth, width, and height requirements are met and that no obstructions (piping, ductwork, structural elements) encroach into the required working space. The reviewer also checks that the equipment is accessible, not located in bathrooms, clothes closets, or similar spaces per 240.24(E).

Common violations

Panels shown in spaces with insufficient depth
The floor plan shows a panel in a mechanical room, storage room, or corridor alcove where the dimension from the face of the panel to the opposite wall is less than 36 inches. This is one of the most frequent electrical plan review comments.
Obstructions in the working space zone
Ductwork, plumbing pipes, or structural columns are shown within the required working space zone in front of a panel or switchboard. The working space must be kept clear from the floor to a height of 6.5 feet.
Panel access path blocked
The panel is located behind equipment, doors, or other obstacles that prevent a clear and unimpeded path to the working space. Section 110.26(C) requires at least one entrance of sufficient width and height to give access to the working space.
Compliance tip
Dimension the working space clearance on the electrical floor plan for every panel, switchboard, and disconnect switch. Show a clearance zone (dashed rectangle) on the plan to make the intent obvious. Coordinate with mechanical and plumbing drawings to ensure no routing conflicts in the clearance zone.

Related NEC requirements

Section 110.26(C) covers the entrance requirements to and egress from the working space, including the requirement for two entrances when equipment is rated 1200 amps or more. Section 240.24(E) prohibits overcurrent devices in bathrooms and clothes closets. Section 110.34 provides working space requirements for equipment operating at over 1000 volts.

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Related sections

110.16Arc Flash Hazard WarningNEC 2023110.24Available Fault Current DocumentationNEC 2023408.4Panel Schedule Circuit DirectoryNEC 2023

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