Section 210.12/Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection
NEC 210.12 requires AFCI protection for branch circuits supplying outlets and devices in most dwelling unit rooms.
All 120-volt, single-phase, 15 and 20-ampere branch circuits supplying outlets and devices in dwelling unit kitchens, family rooms, dining rooms, living rooms, parlors, libraries, dens, bedrooms, sunrooms, recreation rooms, closets, hallways, laundry areas, and similar rooms must be protected by a listed combination-type AFCI.
Why this section exists
Arc faults are a leading cause of residential electrical fires. They occur when damaged or deteriorated wiring creates an unintended arc that can ignite surrounding materials. Traditional circuit breakers do not detect low-level arcing. AFCI breakers use electronic sensing to detect the unique waveform signatures of dangerous arcs and trip before a fire starts.
What plan reviewers look for
Plan reviewers verify that AFCI protection is shown for every required branch circuit on the panel schedule. The breaker type column (or a note) must indicate combination-type AFCI for all 15 and 20-amp, 120V circuits serving the rooms listed in 210.12. Standard breakers in these locations are a code violation.
Common violations
Related NEC requirements
Section 210.8 covers GFCI protection requirements, which apply to many of the same locations. Dual-function AFCI/GFCI breakers satisfy both requirements. Section 210.11 covers minimum branch circuit counts.Section 210.52 covers receptacle outlet placement.