Section 7.10.1/Exit Marking and Signage
NFPA 101 Section 7.10 covers illuminated exit signs, directional indicators, and marking of the means of egress.
Exits and exit access must be marked by approved, readily visible signs where the exit or path of travel is not immediately apparent to occupants. Exit signs must be illuminated at all times the building is occupied. Where the direction to the nearest exit is not apparent, directional indicators (arrows) must be provided. Exit signs must have letters at least 6 inches high with 3/4-inch wide strokes. The face of an exit sign must have a luminance of at least 50 foot- lamberts or be an approved internally illuminated or externally illuminated sign.
Why this section exists
During a fire, smoke can reduce visibility to near zero within seconds. Illuminated exit signs are the primary wayfinding tool for occupants trying to navigate to safety in reduced visibility conditions. Without them, occupants may become disoriented and fail to find exits they could normally locate easily. The size and luminance requirements ensure signs are visible at reasonable distances even in degraded conditions.
What plan reviewers look for
Plan reviewers check the reflected ceiling plan and exit sign schedule for exit signs at every exit door, every point where the exit path changes direction, and every location where the exit is not immediately apparent. They verify that directional arrows are provided where the nearest exit is not visible from the sign location. They also check that exit signs are connected to emergency power or have integral battery backup.
Common violations
Related NFPA 101 requirements
Section 7.9 covers emergency lighting requirements that complement exit signage. Section 7.4.1 covers the number of exits that must be marked. Section 7.10.5 covers tactile exit signs for accessibility. NEC Article 700 covers the emergency power supply for exit sign circuits.