Section F1/Flexural Member Design
AISC 360-22 Chapter F covers beam design including lateral-torsional buckling, local buckling, and yielding limit states.
The nominal flexural strength of a beam is the lowest value obtained from the applicable limit states: yielding (plastic moment Mp for compact sections), lateral-torsional buckling (LTB), flange local buckling (FLB), and web local buckling (WLB). For doubly symmetric compact I-shaped members with adequate lateral bracing, the full plastic moment Mp = Fy x Zx controls. When the unbraced length exceeds the limiting length Lp, lateral-torsional buckling reduces the available moment capacity.
Why this section exists
Steel beams can fail by several mechanisms depending on their proportions and bracing. A compact, well-braced beam reaches its full plastic moment before any instability occurs. A slender or unbraced beam can buckle laterally (twist and deflect sideways) at a moment well below the plastic moment. The design provisions check all applicable limit states and use the lowest value to ensure the beam is safe regardless of the failure mode.
What plan reviewers look for
Plan reviewers check beam sizes on the framing plan against the structural calculations. They verify the unbraced length of the compression flange (the distance between lateral bracing points) and confirm that lateral-torsional buckling has been checked for long unbraced spans. They also check beam deflection against the limits in IBC Table 1604.3.
Common violations
Related AISC 360 requirements
Chapter E covers compression member design. Chapter H covers combined axial and flexural loads (beam-columns). Section J10.1 covers concentrated forces on beam flanges and webs at support points and load application points.